Coastal Vulnerability Study to Sea Level Rise in Padang City

Rahtu Aulia; Nofiyendri Sudiar; Harman Amir; Zulhendra Zulhendra

doi:10.24036/41n9d278

Authors

Rahtu Aulia Department of Physics, Padang State University, Padang Author
Nofi Yendri Sudiar Department of Physics, Padang State University, Padang Author
Harman Amir Department of Physics, Padang State University, Padang Author
Zulhendra Department of Physics, Padang State University, Padang Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24036/41n9d278

Keywords:

Coastal Vulnerability, sea level rise, Climate Change

Abstract

The coastal area of Padang City as an area directly facing the Indian Ocean has great potential to be affected by the phenomenon of sea level rise due to climate change. This research aims to analyze the level of vulnerability of the coastal areas of Padang City to sea level rise using the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) method. The research was conducted in five coastal sub-districts: Koto Tangah, North Padang, West Padang, South Padang and Bungus Teluk Kabung. Parameters used in the CVI analysis include geomorphology, tidal range, wave height, sea level rise, and shoreline change. Data were obtained from field observations, BMKG, and satellite imagery processed through indexing and spatial mapping methods. The results show that the coastal areas of Padang City fall into two vulnerability categories, namely low and medium with CVI values ranging from 2.82 - 7.07. Koto Tangah, North Padang and West Padang sub-districts are categorized as medium vulnerability areas, while South Padang and Bungus Teluk Kabung are in the low category.

References

[1] T. Mutiarawati and S. Sudarmo, "Collaborative Governance in Addressing Tidal Flooding in Bandengan Subdistrict, Pekalongan City", Wacana Publik, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 82, 2021.

[2] M. Muharuddin, "The Role and Function of Government in Addressing Environmental Damage", Justisi, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 97–112, 2019.

[3] A. Herison, Y. Romdania, and W. B. Yosua, "Zoning Analysis of Marine Ecotourism Based on Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Pesisir Barat Regency)", Jurnal Spatial Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 95–104, 2018.

[4] I. U. Khasanah, "Sea Level Rise in West Sumatra Waters Based on Jason-2 Altimetry Satellite Data", Jurnal Ilmiah Geomatika, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 1, 2017.

[5] A. Shalsabilla, H. Setiyono, D. N. Sugianto, D. H. Ismunarti, and J. Marwoto, "Study of Sea Level Fluctuations as an Impact of Climate Change in the Waters of Semarang," Indonesian Journal of Oceanography, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 69–76, 2022.

[6] N. A. Azuga, "Assessment of Coastal Area Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise Disasters in Indonesia", Jurnal Riset Kelautan Tropis (Journal of Tropical Marine Research) – J-Tropimar, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 65–76, 2021.

[7] D. N. Handiani, S. Darmawan, A. Heriati, and Y. D. Aditya, "Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise in Subang Regency, West Java", Jurnal Kelautan Indonesia, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 145–154, 2019.

[8] N. R. Ramadhanty, C. Muryani, and G. A. Tjahjono, "Analysis of Community Vulnerability to Tidal Flooding in Tegal Barat District, Tegal City, in 2021", Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 73–82, 2022.

[9] A. A. Khoirunnisaa, A. M. Sariwardoyo, and A. B. Sinurat, "Coastal Vulnerability Analysis of Yogyakarta to Sea Level Rise and Tidal Flood Risk", Indonesian Conference of Maritime, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 297–311, Dec. 2022.

[10] Y. P. Putri, "Policy Direction on Flash Flood Disaster Mitigation in the Kuranji Watershed, Padang City," Majalah Ilmiah Globe, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 88, 2018.

[11] M. H. Rasyda, S. Widada, and B. Rochaddi, "Spatial Analysis of Tidal Flood (Rob) Areas Caused by Sea Level Rise in Padang City," Journal of Oceanography, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 379–385, 2015.

[12] F. Putra, H. Haryani, and E. Aditia, "Development of Coastal Spatial Planning Based on Sea Level Rise Mitigation: A Case Study of Padang City’s Coastal Area," Abstract of Undergraduate Research, Faculty of Civil and Planning Engineering, Bung Hatta University, vol. 1, no. 1, 2018.

[13] L. F. Yuliastini, M. Zainuri and R. Widiaratih, "Analysis of Coastal Vulnerability in Kendal Regency", Indonesian Journal of Oceanography, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 80-89, 2023.

[14] M. P. Suhana, I. W. Nurjaya, and N. M. N. Natih, "Analysis of the Eastern Coastal Vulnerability of Bintan Island Using Digital Shoreline Analysis and Coastal Vulnerability Index", Journal of Fisheries and Marine Technology, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 21–38, 2016.

[15] B. Istijono, "Environmental Review and Coastal Abrasion Mitigation in Padang-West Sumatra", Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 42–49, 2013.

[16] A. Suanda, D. M. Driptufany, D. Defwaldi, F. Fajrin, and I. Armi, "Spatial Modeling of Flooding Due to Sea Water Rise (Rob) in Padang City", Aerospace Engineering, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 19, 2024.

[17] G. D. Kresteva, B. Rochaddi, and A. Satriadi, "Study of Sea Level Rise in Kendal Waters", Journal of Oceanography, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 535–539, 2014.

[18] B. G. Putra and A. Yulfa, "Identification of MNDWI Usage in the Dynamics of Coastal Line Changes in Padang City from 2015 to 2020", JURNAL BUANA, 2021.

[19] S. Syahrul, A. Salim, and R. Ruslan, "Disaster Mitigation Analysis of Coastal Abrasion in Galesong Subdistrict, Takalar Regency", Journal of Urban Planning Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 30–41, 2020.

[20] E. K. Rinjani, S. Panbriani, U. Auliya'Amalina, and I. P. Artayasa, "Coastal Abrasion Disaster Mitigation Through Mangrove Planting in Seriwe Village, East Lombok", Journal of Community Service for Science Education, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 226–230, 2022.

[21] S. H. Tiatama, W. Atmodjo, and R. Widiaratih, "Analysis of the Relationship Between the Supermoon Phenomenon and Tidal Components in Semarang Waters, Central Java", Indonesian Journal of Oceanography, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 114–120, 2024.

[22] T. Tanto and I. Ilham, "Study of Oceanographic Parameters in the Marine Conservation Area of Padang City to Support Marine Tourism (Case Study: Bindalang Island and Sibonta Island)", Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 191–202, 2023.

[23] C. Purwanto and P. Raharjo, "Environmental Geology of the Coastal Area of the Outermost Small Island of Miangas, Talaud Islands Regency, North Sulawesi", Journal of Marine Geology, vol. 13, no. 1, Article ID 230387, 2016.

[24] U. Efendi, A. Kristianto, and B. E. Pratama, "Response of Heavy Rainfall and Sea Level Rise to the Predicted Extent of Tidal Flooding in Semarang (Case Study of December 3–5, 2018)", Jurnal Kelautan Nasional, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 157–168, 2021.

[25] R. Aldian, E. Zuryani, and A. Z. P. Ulni, "Coastal Line Change Due to Abrasion and Accretion in the Coastal Area of West Sumatra," in Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 152–161, 2019.

[26] F. Fajri, R. Rifardi, and A. Tanjung, "Study of Coastal Abrasion in Padang City, West Sumatra Province", Journal of Fisheries and Marine Science, vol. 17, no. 2, Article ID 296062, 2012.

[27] F. A. Loinenak, A. Hartoko, and M. R. Muskananfola, "Mapping of Coastal Vulnerability Using the Coastal Vulnerability Index and Geographic Information System", International Journal of Technology, vol. 5, pp. 819–827, 2015.